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Cor Caroli
Cor Caroli (α CVn, α Canum Venaticorum, Alpha Canum Venaticorum) is the brightest star in the northern constellation Canes Venatici. It is a binary star consisting of two distantly separated components. The name ''Cor Caroli'' means "Charles's Heart", and was named in the 17th century to honour the King Charles I of England who was beheaded in 1649.
==Names==
In the western world the star had no name until the 17th century, when it was named ''Cor Caroli'', which means "Charles's Heart". There has been some uncertainty whether it was named in honour of King Charles I of England, who was executed in 1649 during the English Civil War, or to his son, Charles II, who restored the English monarchy to the throne in 1660. The name was coined in 1660 by Sir Charles Scarborough, physician to Charles II, who claimed the star seemed to shine exceptionally brightly on the night of Charles II's return to England. In ''Star Names'', R.H. Allen claimed that Scarborough suggested the name to Edmund Halley and intended it to refer to Charles II.〔R.H. Allen, ''Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning''.〕 However, Robert Burnham Jr. notes that "the attribution of the name to Halley appears in a report published by J. E. Bode at Berlin in 1801, but seems to have no other verification".〔Robert Burnham, Jr. ''Burnham's Celestial Handbook'', Volume 1, p. 359.〕 In ''Star Tales'', Ian Ridpath points out that the name's first appearance on a star map was in the 1673 chart of Francis Lamb, who labelled it Cor Caroli Regis Martyris ("the heart of Charles the martyred king"), clearly indicating that it was seen as referring to Charles I.〔(Ian Ridpath: "Star Tales", Canes Venatici ). See also Deborah J. Warner, ''The Sky Explored: Celestial Cartography 1500-1800''.〕
In Chinese, (), meaning ''Imperial Guards'', refers to an asterism consisting of α Canum Venaticorum, 10 Canum Venaticorum, β Canum Venaticorum, 6 Canum Venaticorum, 2 Canum Venaticorum, 67 Ursae Majoris.〔 ''中國星座神話'', written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.〕 Consequently, α Canum Venaticorum itself is known as (, (英語:the First Star of Imperial Guards).)〔 (香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 ), Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.〕 From this Chinese name, the name Chang Chen was appeared.〔(Richard Hinckley Allen: Star Names — Their Lore and Meaning: Canes Venatici )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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